Jenny Saville’s artworks reinvigorated figurative painting by pushing the genre’s limits. Her large-scale oils of bodies and her instinctual close-up facial portraits, assembled from thick layers of pigment, prompt questions about societal perceptions of the human body.
Jenny Saville was born in Cambridge in 1970, one of four children. Her mother was a primary school teacher and her father a county council director of education. The family often moved house—in 2005, Saville spoke about “carrying images around” with her as a constant in a regularly changing life and how having the same bedroom for her entire childhood would have been “magical”. Frequently arriving in new schools, she learned to observe the body language of other pupils to identify friends. She also remembers sitting on the floor watching her piano teacher: “From below she had these big, thick thighs, a thick tweed skirt and tights, and I’d spend the whole time looking at the way her thighs never parted and how the flesh would rub against the tights.” During her formative years, she also went on art trips with her uncle, including to Venice. In 1988 she enrolled at Glasgow School of Art, supporting herself by waitressing. She spent a term at the University of Cincinnati in 1991, and on a later trip to Connecticut in 1994 she was able to observe a New York City plastic surgeon at work. Saville was catapulted to fame when Charles Saatchi bought her degree collection in 1992.
Saville’s paintings and charcoal drawings observe the movements of flesh and challenge traditional perceptions of “beauty”. Her subjects range from herself to bodies challenging gender heteronormativity and mothers with children. Saville’s work builds on an exploration of the fundamentals of painting, as well as her study of classical and Renaissance sculpture.
While Saville’s oil-based work redefined figurative painting, looking at the artworks up close, they seemingly transform into abstract expressionist pieces. Flesh and facial features are rendered in bold, thick gestures, with a flatter technique for hair and eyes.
Yes, Jenny Saville is one of the Young British Artists (YBAs) in the sense that she rose to fame during the early 1990s and her work was exhibited as part of The Royal Academy of Arts’ 1997 show Sensation: Young British Artists from the Saatchi Collection. However, her dialogue with the fundamentals of painting sets her apart a little from the YBA movement.
Following her degree show in 1992, Charles Saatchi bought Saville’s paintings and commissioned her to make work for his gallery for the next two years. Speaking in 2005, she said: “Who else was going to give a 23-year-old a huge gallery and say: ‘Yes, you can make a 21-foot triptych?’”
Saville’s early influences were hones at the Glasgow School of Art, which had an independent painting department while she was a student there. The school’s figurative tradition, as well as painters including Francis Bacon, Lucian Freud and Frank Auerbach were influences on her early pieces. Her later pieces were influenced by her pre-lockdown travelling—including Monet, as well as Russian and Greek orthodox figures.
Yes, between 2018 and 2025 Saville held the record for the highest auction sale by a living female artist. Her huge nude portrait Propped (1992), featuring a female figure perched on a stool, sold at Sotheby’s in London for £9.5 million.
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